Where your bank actually stands

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How to read this. The colored tag is the kind of institution — a traditional or online bank, a fintech (an app that isn’t itself a bank, so your money and records pass through one or more partner banks, each one more place your data lives), a credit union, or a brokerage cash account. Shares your data reads the one line of each bank’s federally-required GLBA privacy notice that matters most — whether it hands your information to unaffiliated outside companies for their own marketing. “Affiliates only” means it doesn’t: sharing stays inside its own corporate family and service providers. “Outside firms · opt-out” means it does, and you have to opt out to stop it. Worth knowing: this reflects deposit accounts (credit cards are usually shared more freely), and several banks automatically treat California and Vermont customers as opted-out. Against the usual reflex, most banks here don’t sell your checking data to outside marketers — the ones that do (Chase, Capital One) are the exception; the bigger everyday exposure is how far your data travels inside a large corporate family. Right to sue is what the account agreement does with disputes: keeps your day in court, sends you to private arbitration (an opt-out is usually offered — the window is short and easy to miss), or forces it with no way out. It doubles as a class-action signal: the FINRA-regulated brokerages keep your right to band together with other customers in court — the way most data-breach and junk-fee cases are fought — while most banks waive it. Sharing and arbitration values come from each institution’s current notice where we could confirm it; “Verify” and “likely arb.” mean read that institution’s own one-page notice before relying on it. Defunct products (HMBradley, Copper, Douugh, Juno) are omitted. Data reach is how far your records travel: a chartered bank keeps them in-house and among its affiliates, while a fintech routes your money and data through one or more partner banks named in its own disclosures, each an extra place your information lives. Deposit protection is what actually stands behind the balance — FDIC or NCUA insurance covers the failure of a chartered bank or credit union, but a fintech is not a bank, so app balances rely on “pass-through” coverage that pays only if the partner bank fails and the per-owner records are clean, as the 2024 Synapse collapse showed when more than 100,000 people were locked out of their savings. Regulator is who answers for it: a bank has a named prudential supervisor (which of the OCC, FDIC, or Federal Reserve depends on its charter), a credit union has the NCUA, brokerage cash sits under the SEC and FINRA, and a fintech has none of its own — only its partner bank plus state money-transmitter licenses. The small numbers link each claim to a primary source in Sources & notes below. The protection meter in the second column rates each institution on where your data travels, whether it is sold, how direct the deposit insurance is, and your right to sue; a fuller meter means more protective, and ‘Most protective’ orders the table by it. ‘Ownership’ is who ultimately controls the institution — a member-owned credit union answers to you, while a bank’s holding company or a fintech’s investors answer to shareholders. ‘Ad targeting’ is separate from the sharing column above: it flags banks that monetize your purchase history to target ads and offers. Chase runs its own ad network (Chase Media Solutions, built on a card-linked platform it bought in 2022); American Express, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, U.S. Bank, Truist, PNC, Regions and Citi run card-linked offer programs that do the same through a shared platform. The raw data mostly stays inside the bank — what is monetized is the targeting, and every resulting sale is also a card swipe the bank earns on. ‘Verify’ means no such program was confirmed either way. Tap any name to open that institution.Last reviewed July 12, 2026 — terms and policies change often; verify current details before relying on this. General information, not legal, financial, or tax advice.